He enforced civil rights laws and fought Ku Klux Klan violence. Īfter the war, Grant served two terms as president and worked to stabilize the nation after the Civil War and during the turbulent Reconstruction period that followed. Most historians have hailed Grant's military genius, despite losses of men. Lee surrendered his depleted forces to Grant at Appomattox as the Confederacy collapsed. Finally breaking through Lee's trenches, the Union Army captured Richmond in April 1865.
#Grant ulysses series#
During the siege, Grant coordinated a series of devastating campaigns launched by generals William Tecumseh Sherman, Philip Sheridan, and George Henry Thomas in other theaters. Lee in a series of bloody battles in 1864, which ended with Grant trapping Lee at Petersburg, Virginia. After the Battle of Chattanooga in late 1863, President Abraham Lincoln promoted Grant to lieutenant general and commander of all of the Union armies. In July 1863, Grant defeated Confederate armies and seized Vicksburg, giving the Union control of the Mississippi River and dividing the Confederacy in two. Grant then led Union forces to victory after initial setbacks in the Battle of Shiloh, earning a reputation as an aggressive commander. In 1862, he was promoted to major general and successfully took control of Kentucky and most of Tennessee. When the Civil War began in 1861, Grant rejoined the Union army. By 1875 the conservative white Southern opposition regained control of every state in the South and as Grant left the White House in March 1877 his policies were being undone.Ī career soldier, Grant graduated from the United States Military Academy at West Point and served in the Mexican–American War. Although his Republican Party split in 1872 with reformers denouncing him, Grant was easily reelected. His reputation was marred by his defense of corrupt appointees, and by the United States' first industrial age economic depression (called the Panic of 1873) that dominated his second term. In foreign policy, Grant sought to increase American trade and influence while remaining at peace with the world. As president, he led the Radical Republicans in their effort to eliminate vestiges of Confederate nationalism and slavery, protect African American citizenship, and defeat the Ku Klux Klan. Under Grant, the Union Army defeated the Confederate military the war, and secession, ended with the surrender of Robert E. Grant (born Hiram Ulysses Grant Ap– July 23, 1885) was the 18th president of the United States (1869–1877) following his success as a commander in the American Civil War. Commanding General of the United States Army
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